Muri iki cyumweru, u Rwanda n’amahanga baribuka itangizwa, hashize imyaka 20, ry’amwe mu marorerwa atagira urugero yagwiririye abantu mu mateka ya vuba aha y’isi.

Mu gihe cy’iminsi 100 gusa, abashakashatsi bamwe bavuga ko miliyoni y’abantu badafite uruhare mu mirwano, abagabo n’abagore, abato n’abakuru bishwe muri jenoside yabaye mu Rwanda bazira ko ari abo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi. Bapfanye n’izindi ntwari zikomoka mu yandi moko zahagarutse zikamagana ubwicanyi zishaka kurokora inzirakarengane zahohoterwaga.

Kuva ayo marorerwa yaba kandi bitewe na yo, Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (TPIR mu magambo ahinnye y’igifaransa) rufatanya n’inzego z’ubutabera zo mu Rwanda n’izo mu bindi bihugu, mu rwego rwo gushyiraho uburyo mu by’ukuri buhuriweho n’amahanga yose kugira ngo habeho ubutabera ku bakorewe jenoside kimwe n’abayirokotse kandi n’abayikoze bayiryozwe n’inkiko.

Koko rero, mu mwaka wa 2006, Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwa TPIR, ubwo rwemezaga ko kuba jenoside yarabaye mu Rwanda ari ikimenyabose kitakigomba gutangirwa ibimenyetso n’ababuranyi, rwagize ruti: «nta mpamvu ishyize mu gaciro yatuma umuntu uwo ari we wese ahakana ko mu wa 1994, habayeho ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga bugamije gutsemba abaturage bose b’Abatutsi bo mu Rwanda, cyangwa nibura igice kinini cyabo… Ibyo bikorwa byageze ku ntego yabyo ku kigero giteye ubwoba. N’ubwo imibare nyakuri y’abishwe ishobora katazigera imenyekana, abenshi mu Batutsi barishwe n’abandi benshi basambanywa ku gahato cyangwa bagirirwa nabi mu bundi buryo… Jenoside yabaye mu Rwanda ni kimwe mu bigize amateka y’isi kidashidikanywaho nk’ibindi byose byabaye, mbese urebye ni icyitegererezo cy’ikintu cyabaye bita « ikimenyabose ».

TPIR yashyizweho n’Inama Ishinzwe Amahoro ku Isi y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye mu wa 1994 kugira ngo icire imanza atari abakoze jenoside yabaye mu Rwanda bose uko bakabaye ahubwo gusa ari abagize uruhare rukomeye mu gucura umugambi wa jenoside no mu kuyitsotsoba. Muri urwo rwego, TPIR yakoreye inyandiko z’ibirego abayobozi 93 barimo uwahoze ari Minisitiri w’Intebe Jean Kambanda, abahoze ari abaminisitiri, abofisiye bakuru b’abasirikare, abategetsi bo mu rwego rwo hejuru, abayobozi b’ishyaka rya MRND ryari ku butegetsi, abantu bakoraga mu itangazamakuru, abanyamadini n’abasiviri basanzwe babaye ruharwa mu bwicanyi bwakozwe.

Mu gihe TPIR yitegura gukinga imiryango mu wa 2015, ni ngombwa kwibuka ko, ku bufatanye bw’ibihugu bimwe bigize Umuryango w’Abibumbye n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, yafashe abo yakoreye inyandiko z’ibirego bose uretse abantu 9. Ubu TPIR yapfundikiye imanza mu rw’iremezo z’abo yafashe bose kandi iteganya kurangiza imanza mu bujurire mu mwaka utaha. Urukiko rwohereje imanza 10 kugira ngo ziburanishwe mu mu nkiko z’ibihugu, cyane cyane mu Rwanda no mu Bufaransa. Mu baciriwe imanza na TPIR, 61 bahamwe n’icyaha cya jenoside, ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu n’ibyaha by’intambara. 14 bahanaguweho icyaha n’Urukiko. Izindi nkiko z’ibihugu birimo Kanada, Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, u Bufaransa, u Budage, Suwedi, Noruveji, u Bubiligi, Danemarike, n’u Buholandi, zaburanishije cyangwa ziraburanisha abakekwaho kuba barakoze jenoside kandi hamwe na hamwe zohereje abantu nk’abo mu Rwanda kugira ngo bahaburanishirizwe bisabwe n’ubutabera bwo mu Rwanda cyangwa ibihugu babamo bibirukanye ku butaka bwabyo.

Mu gihe twibuka ayo marorerwa yabaye, ni ngombwa ko muri aka kanya duha icyubahiro abahitanywe n’ayo marorerwa ya jenoside yabaye mu Rwanda, hamwe n’abayarokotse ; tugomba kandi gushimira ibihumbi by’abarokotse ayo marorerwa batanze ubuhamya muri TPIR, kandi bari bahanganye n’ibibazo bitari bike. Bateye inkunga ikomeye TPIR mu kurangiza inshingano zayo zo gutanga ubutabera. Turashimira kandi Leta y’u Rwanda n’abaturage bose b’icyo gihugu kubera ko bashyigikiye Urukiko kandi bagakorana neza na rwo, atari gusa  mu iperereza cyangwa mu kuburanisha imanza z’ibi byaha bikomeye, ahubwo harimo  n’ivugurura no kongerera imbaraga inzego z’ubucamanza z’u Rwanda. Ibi byatumye,  mu rwego rw’ubucamanza mpuzamahanga, TPIR yemera ko izo nzego zishobora gutanga ubutabera buboneye kandi zigakora neza, ibi na none bikaba ari byo byatumye n’inkiko z’ibindi bihugu zemera izo nzego z’ubucamanza z’u Rwanda. Turashimira kandi ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’Abibumbye n’umuryango mpuzamahanga kubera inkunga ikomeye bateye Urukiko, no kuba barafashije mu rwego rusange gahunda yo kuryoza icyaha abagikoze, cyane cyane bafasha mu gushakisha no gufata abahunze ubutabera, mu gushakisha ibimenyetso, no kuburanisha mu nkiko z’ibihugu abakekwaho jenoside cyangwa se kubohereza cyangwa kohereza imanza zabo. 

Ni ngombwa ariko na none kwemera ko hakiri byinshi byo gukora. Hari abantu 9 bagishakishwa, barimo Félicien Kabuga, Protais Mpiranya wahoze ayobora umutwe w’abasirikare barindaga Perezida, hakaba na Augustin Bizimana wahoze ari Minisitiri w’Ingabo. Aba bose bagomba gufatwa bagashyikirizwa ubutabera. Abo batatu bagomba gushyikirizwa Urwego rwashyiriweho kurangiza imirimo y’Inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga, n’aho abasigaye uko ari batandatu bagashyikirizwa inkiko z’u Rwanda kubera ko TPIR yamaze kuzoherereza amadosiye yabo.  Ibi bizashoboka ari uko ibihugu byoze bishyizeho umwete bigakorana, kugira ngo abo bashakishwa bafatwe boherezwe aho bagomba gucirwa imanza.  Hari abandi bakekwaho kuba barakoze jenoside TPIR itashoboye gukurikirana, kubera ko inshingano yahawe zari zifite aho zigarukira.  Abo na bo, hakurikijwe ibisabwa mu rwego rw’amategeko mpuzamahanga, bagomba gushyikirizwa ubutabera bw’ibihugu bibacumbikiye, cyangwa bagashyikirizwa inkiko z’u Rwanda.

Hari abatangabuhamya bishyize mu kaga bemera gutanga ubuhamya bwabo. Tugomba kubahiriza inshingano mpuzamahanga zo kubarengera no kwita ku mibereho yabo.  Hari kandi n’abantu bakurikiranywe na TPIR, ubu barekuwe, kubera ko bagizwe abere cyangwa barangije ibihano byabo. Bakeneye kwimurirwa ahandi, aho bashobora kongera kubaho mu buzima busanzwe. Mu gihe TPIR, kimwe n’izindi nkiko zidasanzwe, byitegura gufunga imiryango, amasomo dushobora gukura ku mikorere y’izo nkiko muri iyi myaka igera kuri 20 ishize, ashobora kutubera inkunga ikomeye mu kumenya aho, mu minsi iri imbere, twazashyira imbaraga zacu mu rwego rwo kurwanya ukudahana no guteza imbere umugambi wo kuryoza icyaha abagikoze.  Ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’Abibumbye bigomba gutanga inkunga ituma ayo masomo dukuyemo tuyegeranya, agashobora kugera ku nzego z’ubutabera z’ibihugu n’izo mu rwego mpuzamahanga, kimwe n’abandi bose barebwa no gushakisha ibimenyetso no gukurikinana mu nkiko abakoze ibyaha mpuzamahanga.

Nyamara ariko, icyo tugamije kugeraho cy’ingenzi ni uguha ishusho ifatika umugambi twese twimirije imbere ugira uti « Ibi ntibizongere kubaho ukundi ». Tugomba gushyira mu bikorwa kandi muri rusange tugaha agaciro kanini ingamba zibyara umusaruro zo ku rwego rw’igihugu no ku rwego mpuzamahanga, zigamije kuburizamo ikorwa ry’amarorerwa yibasira imbaga. Umuryango mpuzamahanga ugomba gukora ibyo wiyemeje bijyanye no kurinda amatsinda y’abantu ashobora kwibasirwa na bene ibyo byaha bikorerwa imbaga.  By’umwihariko, mu bihugu byacu, tugomba  gukora ku buryo habaho imiyoborere myiza ishingiye ku kubahiriza amategeko, ubutabera, demokarasi n’uberanganzira bwa muntu, nta vangura, bituma abantu bose bareshya kandi uburenganzira bwabo bose bwubahirizwa.  Ibi ni byo bintu bikomeye bizatuma umwiryane n’imvururu bitabona aho bimenera, kuko kenshi ibi ari byo bisasira amarorerwa akomeye nk’ayo abatuye isi babonye mu Rwanda mu wa 1994.